Atractylenolide IIICAS# 73030-71-4 |
Quality Control & MSDS
Number of papers citing our products
Chemical structure
3D structure
| Cas No. | 73030-71-4 | SDF | Download SDF |
| PubChem ID | 155948 | Appearance | White powder |
| Formula | C15H20O3 | M.Wt | 248.32 |
| Type of Compound | Sesquiterpenoids | Storage | Desiccate at -20°C |
| Synonyms | ICodonolactone; 8β-Hydroxyasterolide | ||
| Solubility | DMSO : 50 mg/mL (201.35 mM; Need ultrasonic) | ||
| Chemical Name | (4aS,8aR,9aS)-9a-hydroxy-3,8a-dimethyl-5-methylidene-4,4a,6,7,8,9-hexahydrobenzo[f][1]benzofuran-2-one | ||
| SMILES | CC1=C2CC3C(=C)CCCC3(CC2(OC1=O)O)C | ||
| Standard InChIKey | FBMORZZOJSDNRQ-GLQYFDAESA-N | ||
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months. Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it. |
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| About Packaging | 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. 2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial. 3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment. |
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| Shipping Condition | Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request. | ||
| Description | Atractylenolide III, a potential house dust mite control agent, has neuroprotection, gastroprotective, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, it also may control immunological reactions by regulating the cellular functions of IL-6 in mast cells. It inhibited nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in mouse macrophages, and inhibited Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF- α and NO production in macrophages. |
| Targets | ERK | p38MAPK | NF-kB | JNK | TNF-α | PGE | NO | IL Receptor | COX | Caspase | NOS |
| In vitro | Anti-inflammatory activity of atractylenolide III through inhibition of nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in mouse macrophages.[Pubmed: 26667579 ]Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2016;38(2):98-102.
Neuroprotection of atractylenolide III from Atractylodis macrocephalae against glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis via inhibiting caspase signaling pathway.[Pubmed: 24958167]Neurochem Res. 2014 Sep;39(9):1753-8.
Toxicity of atractylon and atractylenolide III Identified in Atractylodes ovata rhizome to Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.[Pubmed: 17595110]J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jul 25;55(15):6027-31.
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| In vivo | Gastroprotective activity of atractylenolide III from Atractylodes ovata on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in vitro and in vivo.[Pubmed: 20487223 ]J Pharm Pharmacol. 2010 Mar;62(3):381-8The rhizome of Atractylodes ovata De Candolle is popularly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gastrointestinal diseases. However, the major gastroprotective compounds of A. ovata have not been identified. This study reports on the principal gastro- protective component of A. ovata.
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| Cell Research | Atractylenolide I and atractylenolide III inhibit Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha and NO production in macrophages.[Pubmed: 17221938]Atractylenolide III, a sesquiterpenoid, induces apoptosis in human lung carcinoma A549 cells via mitochondria-mediated death pathway.[Pubmed: 21130827]Blockade of IL-6 secretion pathway by the sesquiterpenoid atractylenolide III.[Pubmed: 21302967]J Nat Prod. 2011 Feb 25;74(2):223-7.Atractylenolide III (1) is the major bioactive component of Atractylodes lancea. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect on the regulation of interleukin (IL)-6 secretion pathway caused by 1.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Feb;49(2):514-9.Pharmacological agents that are safe and can sensitize the lung cancer are urgently required. We investigated whether Atractylenolide III (ATL-III), the major component of Atractylodes rhizome can induce apoptosis of the lung carcinoma cells.
Phytother Res. 2007 Apr;21(4):347-53.In order to clarify the mechanism involved in the antiinflammatory activity of atractylenolide I and Atractylenolide III from the rhizomes of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, their effects on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and nitric oxide (NO) production in peritoneal macrophages were examined.
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Atractylenolide III Dilution Calculator
Atractylenolide III Molarity Calculator
| 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 20 mg | 25 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0271 mL | 20.1353 mL | 40.2706 mL | 80.5412 mL | 100.6765 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8054 mL | 4.0271 mL | 8.0541 mL | 16.1082 mL | 20.1353 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4027 mL | 2.0135 mL | 4.0271 mL | 8.0541 mL | 10.0677 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0805 mL | 0.4027 mL | 0.8054 mL | 1.6108 mL | 2.0135 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0403 mL | 0.2014 mL | 0.4027 mL | 0.8054 mL | 1.0068 mL |
| * Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations. | |||||
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Atractylenolide III is a major component of Atractylodes rhizome can induce apoptosis of the lung carcinoma cells. IC50 value: Target: Anticancer natural compound in vitro: ATL-III inhibited cell growth, increased lactate dehydrogenase release and modulated cell cycle on human lung carcinoma A549 cells. ALT-III induced the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 and cleavage of poly-(ADP)-ribose polymerase. ATL-III induced the release of cytochrome c, upregulation of bax expression, and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor [1]. Atractylenolide II did not show cytoprotective effects, but oral administration of atractylenolide III dose-dependently prevented ethanol-induced PRGM cell death and cell membrane damage. The EC50 values were 0.27 and 0.34 mm, respectively [2]. Against adult D. pteronyssinus, atractylenolide III (LD50, 73.8 mg/m2) and atractylon (72.1 mg/m2) were eight times more active than Deet and 2.5-fold more toxic than dibutyl phthalate [3]. in vivo: In the in-vivo assay, atractylenolide III 10 mg/kg significantly reduced 70% ethanol-induced Wistar rat gastric ulcer. Atractylenolide III could inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression through upregulation of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase from the gastric ulcerated tissues [2].
References:
[1]. Kang TH, et al. Atractylenolide III, a sesquiterpenoid, induces apoptosis in human lung carcinoma A549 cells via mitochondria-mediated death pathway. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Feb;49(2):514-9.
[2]. Wang KT, et al. Gastroprotective activity of atractylenolide III from Atractylodes ovata on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in vitro and in vivo. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2010 Mar;62(3):381-8.
[3]. Kim HK, et al. Toxicity of atractylon and atractylenolide III Identified in Atractylodes ovata rhizome to Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jul 25;55(15):6027-31.
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Atractylenolide III, a sesquiterpenoid, induces apoptosis in human lung carcinoma A549 cells via mitochondria-mediated death pathway.[Pubmed:21130827]
Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Feb;49(2):514-9.
Pharmacological agents that are safe and can sensitize the lung cancer are urgently required. We investigated whether Atractylenolide III (ATL-III), the major component of Atractylodes rhizome can induce apoptosis of the lung carcinoma cells. ATL-III inhibited cell growth, increased lactate dehydrogenase release and modulated cell cycle on human lung carcinoma A549 cells. ALT-III induced the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 and cleavage of poly-(ADP)-ribose polymerase. ATL-III induced the release of cytochrome c, upregulation of bax expression, and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor. In addition, ATL-III inhibited the proliferation and capillary tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These data indicate that ATL-III is a potential candidate for treatment of human lung carcinoma.
Gastroprotective activity of atractylenolide III from Atractylodes ovata on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in vitro and in vivo.[Pubmed:20487223]
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2010 Mar;62(3):381-8.
OBJECTIVES: The rhizome of Atractylodes ovata De Candolle is popularly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gastrointestinal diseases. However, the major gastroprotective compounds of A. ovata have not been identified. This study reports on the principal gastro- protective component of A. ovata. METHODS: Five sesquiterpenoids (atractylon, atractylenolides I, II, III and biatractylolide) were isolated from the extracts of A. ovata rhizome via silica gel column chromatography. The gastroprotective effects of these five sesquiterpenoids were measured in in-vitro ethanol-induced primary culture rat gastric mucosal (PRGM) cell damage and in-vivo ethanol-induced acute rat gastric ulcer models. KEY FINDINGS: Atractylon, atractylenolide I and biatractylolide were strongly toxic in PRGM cells, whilst atractylenolides II and III were not. Atractylenolide II did not show cytoprotective effects, but oral administration of Atractylenolide III dose-dependently prevented ethanol-induced PRGM cell death and cell membrane damage. The EC50 values were 0.27 and 0.34 mm, respectively. In the in-vivo assay, Atractylenolide III 10 mg/kg significantly reduced 70% ethanol-induced Wistar rat gastric ulcer. Atractylenolide III could inhibit matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression through upregulation of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase from the gastric ulcerated tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Atractylenolide III was the major gastroprotective component of A. ovata in ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcer. It is suggested that the gastroprotective mechanism of Atractylenolide III was via inhibition of the MMP-2 and MMP-9 pathway.
Anti-inflammatory activity of atractylenolide III through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in mouse macrophages.[Pubmed:26667579]
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2016;38(2):98-102.
To elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms involved, we investigated the effects of Atractylenolide III (ATL-III) on cytokine expression, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), C-Jun-N-terminal protein kinase1/2 (JNK1/2) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathways in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 mouse macrophages. Macrophages were incubated with various concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100 muM) of ATL-III and/or LPS (1 mug/mL) for 24 h. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was determined by the Greiss reagent. The production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, macrophages were treated with ATL-III (0, 25, 100 muM) for 1 h and then stimulated by LPS. NF-kappaB, p38, JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 were determined by western blotting. We found ATL-III showed no inhibitory effect on cell proliferation at concentrations ranging from 1 muM to 100 muM. In addition, ATL-III decreased the release of NO, TNF-alpha, PGE2 and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner and showed statistically significant at concentrations of 50 muM and 100 muM as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Furthermore, ATL-III suppressed the transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB. ATL-III also inhibited the activation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK1/2 in LPS-treated macrophages and showed statistically significant at concentrations of 25 muM and 100 muM. These data suggest that ATL-III shows an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the release of NO, PGE2, TNF-alpha and IL-6 related to the NF-kappaB- and MAPK-signaling pathways.
Atractylenolide I and atractylenolide III inhibit Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha and NO production in macrophages.[Pubmed:17221938]
Phytother Res. 2007 Apr;21(4):347-53.
In order to clarify the mechanism involved in the antiinflammatory activity of atractylenolide I and Atractylenolide III from the rhizomes of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, their effects on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and nitric oxide (NO) production in peritoneal macrophages were examined. Atractylenolide I and Atractylenolide III decreased the TNF-alpha level in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner, their IC(50) values were 23.1 microm and 56.3 microm, respectively. RT-PCR analysis indicated that they inhibited TNF-alpha mRNA expression. Furthermore, they inhibited NO production in LPS-activated peritoneal macrophages, the IC(50) value of atractylenolide I was 41.0 microm, and the inhibition ratio of 100 microm of Atractylenolide III was 45.1% +/- 6.2%. The activity analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) indicated that they could inhibit the activity of iNOS, their IC(50) values were 67.3 microm and 76.1 microm, respectively. Western blot analysis showed that atractylenolide I and Atractylenolide III attenuated LPS-induced synthesis of iNOS protein in the macrophages, in parallel. These results imply that the antiinflammatory mechanism of atractylenolide I and Atractylenolide III may be explained at least in part, by the inhibition of TNF-alpha and NO production. Atractylenolide I showed more potent inhibition than Atractylenolide III in the production of TNF-alpha and NO in LPS-activated peritoneal macrophages. So, atractylenolide I could be a candidate for the development of new drugs to treat inflammatory diseases accompanied by the overproduction of TNF-alpha and NO.
Neuroprotection of atractylenolide III from Atractylodis macrocephalae against glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis via inhibiting caspase signaling pathway.[Pubmed:24958167]
Neurochem Res. 2014 Sep;39(9):1753-8.
Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity appears to play a crucial role in neurological disorders. Neuroprotection against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for preventing and/or treating these excitotoxicity-mediated diseases. In the present study, Atractylenolide III, which exhibited significantly neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis, was isolated from Atractylodes macrocephala by means of bioactivity-guided fractionation. The inhibitory effect of Atractylenolide III on glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis was in a concentration-dependent manner. The anti-apoptotic property of Atractylenolide III might be mediated, in part, via inhibiting caspase signaling pathway. Atractylenolide III may have therapeutic potential in excitotoxicity-mediated neurological diseases.
Toxicity of atractylon and atractylenolide III Identified in Atractylodes ovata rhizome to Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.[Pubmed:17595110]
J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jul 25;55(15):6027-31.
The acaricidal activity of materials derived from rhizome of Atractylodes ovata (Atractylodes macrocephala) toward adult Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was examined using fabric-circle residual contact and vapor-phase toxicity bioassays. Results were compared with those of the currently used acaricides: benzyl benzoate, dibutyl phthalate, and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (Deet). The active principles of A. ovata rhizome were identified as the sesquiterpenoids, Atractylenolide III (1) and atractylon (2), by spectroscopic analysis. In fabric-circle residual contact bioassays with adult D. farinae, Atractylenolide III (LD50, 103.3 mg/m2) and atractylon (136.2 mg/m2) were five and four times more toxic than Deet and 1.7- and 1.3-fold more active than dibutyl phthalate, respectively, based on 24 h LD50 values. These compounds were less toxic than benzyl benzoate (LD50, 45.8 mg/m2). Against adult D. pteronyssinus, Atractylenolide III (LD50, 73.8 mg/m2) and atractylon (72.1 mg/m2) were eight times more active than Deet and 2.5-fold more toxic than dibutyl phthalate. These compounds were slightly less effective than benzyl benzoate (LD50, 46.0 mg/m2). In vapor-phase toxicity tests with both mite species, Atractylenolide III and atractylon were effective in closed but not in open containers. These results indicate that the effect of these sesquiterpenoids was largely a result of action in the vapor phase. Naturally occurring Atractylenolide III and atractylon merit further study as potential house dust mite control agents or leads because of their great activity as a fumigant.
Blockade of IL-6 secretion pathway by the sesquiterpenoid atractylenolide III.[Pubmed:21302967]
J Nat Prod. 2011 Feb 25;74(2):223-7.
Atractylenolide III (1) is the major bioactive component of Atractylodes lancea. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect on the regulation of interleukin (IL)-6 secretion pathway caused by 1. This sesquiterpenoid inhibited the secretion and expression of IL-6 in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate- and calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated human mast cells (HMC)-1. In addition, 1 inhibited histamine release in stimulated HMC-1 cells. In stimulated HMC-1 cells, 1 suppressed activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, C-Jun-N-terminal protein kinase, and nuclear factor-kappaB. In addition, 1 suppressed the activation of caspase-1 and the expression of receptor interacting protein-2. These results provide new insights that Atractylenolide III (1) may control immunological reactions by regulating the cellular functions of IL-6 in mast cells.
