Triacetyl Resveratrol

The rhizomes of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc.

Triacetyl Resveratrol is a cell-permeable and more stable resveratrol prodrug [1].

Triacetyl Resveratrol is a potential and cell-permeable resveratrol prodrug. In 32D-cl3 cells, triacetyl resveratrol (3', 5',4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol) protected cells from irradiation and increased radioresistance, and is slightly more potent than resveratrol [1]. In lysates derived from HEK293-TYR cells, triacetyl resveratrol inhibited human TYR activity with IC50 value of 20 μM. In HEMs, triacetyl resveratrol was less cytotoxic than resveratrol. In both murine melanoma B16/F10 cells and HEMs, triacetyl resveratrol effectively inhibited intracellular melanin contents increased by α-MSH and L-tyrosine, respectively. Triacetyl Resveratrol was easily digested to resveratrol by esterases [2]. In LNCaP cells, triacetyl-resveratrol activated p53, increased p21 and p53R2 and decreased PSA expression. In CWR22Rv1 cells (mutated p53), triacetyl-resveratrol induced G1/S arrest [3]. In MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, triacetyl-resveratrol interacted avidly and specifically with integrin αvβ3 through binding at the site targeted by the RGD peptide. Triacetyl-resveratrol induced ERK and p38 phosphorylation [4].

In γ-irradiated mice, 3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol (10 mg/kg) prior to γ-irradiation exhibited significant protective activity with 80% survival rate. Moreover, 3', 5',4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol had longer half-life that may assist more rapid distribution to tissues [1].

References:
[1].  Koide K, Osman S, Garner AL, et al. The Use of 3,5,4'-Tri-O-acetylresveratrol as a Potential Pro-drug for Resveratrol Protects Mice from γ-Irradiation-Induced Death. ACS Med Chem Lett, 2011, 2(4): 270-274.
[2].  Park J, Park JH, Suh HJ, et al. Effects of resveratrol, oxyresveratrol, and their acetylated derivatives on cellular melanogenesis. Arch Dermatol Res, 2014, 306(5): 475-487.
[3].  Hsieh TC, Huang YC, Wu JM. Control of prostate cell growth, DNA damage and repair and gene expression by resveratrol analogues, in vitro. Carcinogenesis, 2011, 32(1): 93-101.
[4].  Hsieh TC, Wong C, John Bennett D, et al. Regulation of p53 and cell proliferation by resveratrol and its derivatives in breast cancer cells: an in silico and biochemical approach targeting integrin αvβ3. Int J Cancer, 2011, 129(11): 2732-2743.

Novel chemical library screen identifies naturally occurring plant products that specifically disrupt glioblastoma-endothelial cell interactions.[Pubmed:26286961]

Oncotarget. 2015 Jul 30;6(21):18282-92.

Tumor growth is not solely a consequence of autonomous tumor cell properties. Rather, tumor cells act upon and are acted upon by their microenvironment. It is tumor tissue biology that ultimately determines tumor growth. Thus, we developed a compound library screen for agents that could block essential tumor-promoting effects of the glioblastoma (GBM) perivascular stem cell niche (PVN). We modeled the PVN with three-dimensional primary cultures of human brain microvascular endothelial cells in Matrigel. We previously demonstrated stimulated growth of GBM cells in this PVN model and used this to assay PVN function. We screened the Microsource Spectrum Collection library for drugs that specifically blocked PVN function, without any direct effect on GBM cells themselves. Three candidate PVN-disrupting agents, Iridin, Tigogenin and Triacetylresveratrol (TAR), were identified and evaluated in secondary in vitro screens against a panel of primary GBM isolates as well as in two different in vivo intracranial models. Iridin and TAR significantly inhibited intracranial tumor growth and prolonged survival in these mouse models. Together these data identify Iridin and TAR as drugs with novel GBM tissue disrupting effects and validate the importance of preclinical screens designed to address tumor tissue function rather than the mechanisms of autonomous tumor cell growth.

In vitro comparative studies of resveratrol and triacetylresveratrol on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and STAT3 and NFkappaB signaling in pancreatic cancer cells.[Pubmed:27539371]

Sci Rep. 2016 Aug 19;6:31672.

Resveratrol (RES) has been studied extensively as an anticancer agent. However, the anticancer effects of triacetylresveratrol (TRES, an acetylated analog of RES) which has higher bioavailability have not been well established. We comparatively evaluated their effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis and the molecular changes in STAT3, NFkappaB and apoptotic signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. The nuclear translocation and interaction of STAT3 and NFkappaB were detected by Western blotting and immunoprecipitation, respectively. Both TRES and RES inhibited cell viability, and induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells in a concentration and incubation time-dependent manner. TRES, similarly to RES, inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 and NFkappaB, down-regulated Mcl-1, and up-regulated Bim and Puma in pancreatic cancer cells. Remarkably, we, for the first time, observed that both TRES and RES suppressed the nuclear translocation, and interrupted the interaction of STAT3 and NFkappaB in PANC-1 cells. Comparative anticancer effects of TRES and RES on pancreatic cancer suggested that TRES with higher bioavailability may be a potential agent for pancreatic cancer prevention and treatment. Further in vivo experiments and functional studies are warranted to investigate whether TRES exhibits better beneficial effects than RES in mice and humans.

Triacetylresveratrol, an acetylated analog of Resveratrol. Triacetylresveratrol decreases the phosphorylation of STAT3 and NF-κB in a dose- and time- dependent manner in PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells. Anticancer effects.

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