GracillinCAS# 19083-00-2 |
Quality Control & MSDS
Number of papers citing our products
Chemical structure
3D structure
| Cas No. | 19083-00-2 | SDF | Download SDF |
| PubChem ID | 159861 | Appearance | White powder |
| Formula | C45H72O17 | M.Wt | 885.04 |
| Type of Compound | Steroids | Storage | Desiccate at -20°C |
| Synonyms | Diosgenin 3-gracillimatrioside; Dulcamarin C; Lilioglycoside G | ||
| Solubility | Soluble in DMSO, methanol and pyridine | ||
| SMILES | CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CC=C6C5(CCC(C6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)C)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1 | ||
| Standard InChIKey | YQEMAEKYNNOCBY-IEMDQPGHSA-N | ||
| Standard InChI | InChI=1S/C45H72O17/c1-19-8-13-45(55-18-19)20(2)30-27(62-45)15-26-24-7-6-22-14-23(9-11-43(22,4)25(24)10-12-44(26,30)5)57-42-39(61-40-36(53)34(51)31(48)21(3)56-40)38(33(50)29(17-47)59-42)60-41-37(54)35(52)32(49)28(16-46)58-41/h6,19-21,23-42,46-54H,7-18H2,1-5H3/t19-,20+,21+,23+,24-,25+,26+,27+,28-,29-,30+,31+,32-,33-,34-,35+,36-,37-,38+,39-,40+,41+,42-,43+,44+,45-/m1/s1 | ||
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months. Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it. |
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| About Packaging | 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. 2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial. 3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment. |
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| Shipping Condition | Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request. | ||
| Description | Gracillin has anti-tumor activity, can induce cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HL60 cells, and has the potential to be developed as an antitumor agent. |
| Targets | Bcl-2/Bax | Antifection |
| In vitro | Gracillin induces apoptosis in HL60 human leukemic cell line via oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest of G1.[Pubmed: 25980181]Pharmazie. 2015 Mar;70(3):199-204.Gracillin, a kind of steroidal saponin isolated from the root bark of wild yam Dioscorea nipponica has been reported to exert antitumor activity.
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| Cell Research | The cytotoxicity of methyl protoneogracillin (NSC-698793) and gracillin (NSC-698787), two steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca, against human cancer cells in vitro.[Pubmed: 12820229]Phytother Res. 2003 Jun;17(6):620-6.In our continuous studies of anticancer activity of steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca (Dioscoreaceae), methyl protoneoGracillin (NSC-698793) and Gracillin (NSC-698787) were tested for cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines from leukemia and eight solid tumor diseases.
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| Animal Research | Antiparasitic efficacy of Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin from Costus speciosus (Koen ex. Retz) Sm. against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.[Pubmed: 25140457]Parasitology. 2015 Mar;142(3):473-9.The present study aims to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of active components from Costus speciosus against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to identify active compounds from C. speciosus yielding 2 bioactive compounds: Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin.
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Gracillin Dilution Calculator
Gracillin Molarity Calculator
| 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 20 mg | 25 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.1299 mL | 5.6495 mL | 11.2989 mL | 22.5978 mL | 28.2473 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.226 mL | 1.1299 mL | 2.2598 mL | 4.5196 mL | 5.6495 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.113 mL | 0.5649 mL | 1.1299 mL | 2.2598 mL | 2.8247 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0226 mL | 0.113 mL | 0.226 mL | 0.452 mL | 0.5649 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0113 mL | 0.0565 mL | 0.113 mL | 0.226 mL | 0.2825 mL |
| * Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations. | |||||
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The cytotoxicity of methyl protoneogracillin (NSC-698793) and gracillin (NSC-698787), two steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca, against human cancer cells in vitro.[Pubmed:12820229]
Phytother Res. 2003 Jun;17(6):620-6.
In our continuous studies of anticancer activity of steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Dioscorea collettii var. hypoglauca (Dioscoreaceae), methyl protoneoGracillin (NSC-698793) and Gracillin (NSC-698787) were tested for cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines from leukemia and eight solid tumor diseases. As a result, methyl protoneoGracillin was cytotoxic against all the test cell lines with GI(50) < 100 micro M, especially selectively against two leukemia lines (CCRF-CEM and RPMT-8226), one colon cancer line (KM12), two central nervous system (CNS) cancer lines (SF-539 and U251), one melanoma line (M14), one renal cancer line (786-0), one prostate cancer line (DU-145), and one breast cancer line (MDA-MB-435), with GI(50) < or = 2.0 micro M. Leukemia, CNS cancer, and prostate cancer were the most sensitive subpanels, while ovarian cancer was the least sensitive subpanels. The preliminary toxicity studies showed that the maximum tolerant dose was 600 mg/kg for methyl protoneoGracillin to mice. Gracillin was cytotoxic against most cell lines with GI(50), TGI and LC(50) at micromolar levels, but no activity against EKVX (non-small cell lung cancer), HT29 (colon cancer), OVCAR-5 (ovarian cancer), and SN12C (renal cancer). Based on structure-activity relationship, C-25 R/S con fi guration was critical for leukemia selectivity between methyl protoneoGracillin and methyl protoGracillin. F-ring was critical to selectivity between furostanol (methyl protoneoGracillin and methyl protoGracillin) and spirostanol (Gracillin) saponins in this study. By an analysis of COMPARE software, no compounds in the NCI's database had similar mean graphs to those of methyl protoneoGracillin and Gracillin, respectively, indicating potential novel mechanism(s) of action involved. Put all in together, methyl protoneoGracillin has been selected as a potential anticancer candidate for hollow fi ber assay to nude mice, but Gracillin will not be pursued due to lack of selectivity against human cancer diseases.
Antiparasitic efficacy of Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin from Costus speciosus (Koen ex. Retz) Sm. against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.[Pubmed:25140457]
Parasitology. 2015 Mar;142(3):473-9.
The present study aims to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of active components from Costus speciosus against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to identify active compounds from C. speciosus yielding 2 bioactive compounds: Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin. In-vitro assays revealed that Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin could be 100% effective against I. multifiliis at concentrations of 0.8 and 4.5 mg L(-1), with median effective concentration (EC50) values of 0.53 and 3.2 mg L(-1), respectively. All protomonts and encysted tomonts were killed when the concentrations of Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin were 1.0 and 5.0 mg L(-1). In-vivo experiments demonstrated that fish treated with Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin at concentrations of 1.0 and 5.0 mg L(-1) carried significantly fewer parasites than the control (P<0.05). Mortality of fish did not occur in the treatment group (Zingibernsis newsaponin at 5.0 mg L(-1)) during the trial, although 100% of untreated fish died. Acute toxicities (LD50) of Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin for grass carp were 1.64 and 20.7 mg L(-1), respectively. These results provided evidence that the 2 compounds can be selected as lead compounds for the development of new drugs against I. multifiliis.
Gracillin induces apoptosis in HL60 human leukemic cell line via oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest of G1.[Pubmed:25980181]
Pharmazie. 2015 Mar;70(3):199-204.
Gracillin, a kind of steroidal saponin isolated from the root bark of wild yam Dioscorea nipponica has been reported to exert antitumor activity. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer activity of Gracillin against HL60 cells, and evaluated the possible mechanism involved in its antineoplastic action. The cell proliferation was evaluated by cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Gracillin inhibited the growth of HL60 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution whereas Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry analysis was carried out to confirm apoptosis induced by Gracillin, Our results demonstrated that Gracillin could induce cell cycle arrest of G1 and apoptosis in HL60 cells. Furthermore, based on the biochemical methods, induction of oxidative stress by Gracillin was indicated by increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In addition, real time-PCR verified the expression of apoptosis-related genes, the mRNA level of Bcl-2 was decreased dramatically, while Bax was remarkably increased by Gracillin. Taken together, Gracillin could induce cell cycle arrest, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HL60 cells, and has the potential to be developed as an antitumor agent.
