TRO 19622

TRO 19622 is a mitochondrial-targeted neuroprotective compound with mean EC50 value for increasing cell survival is 3.2±0.2 µM.

In Vitro:Exposure to TRO19622 (ranging from 0.1 to 10 µM) at 1 h after plating significantly protects primary embryonic rat spinal MNs (that had been cultured for 3 days without brain-derived, ciliary and glia-derived neurotrophic factors) from cell death. At a concentration of 10 µM, TRO19622 (Olesoxime) maintains survival of 74±10% of the neurons supported by a combination of neurotrophic factors (brain-derived, ciliary and glia-derived neurotrophic factors). The mean EC50 in this assay is 3.2±0.2 µM. In addition to preserving MN cell bodies, TRO19622 also promotes the outgrowth of neurites. At a concentration of 1 µM, which increases cell survival by only 38%, TRO19622 increases overall neurite outgrowth per cell by 54%[1]. TRO 19622 belongs to a new family of cholesterol-oximes identified for its survival-promoting activity on purified motor neurons deprived of neurotrophic factors. TRO 19622 targets proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane, concentrates at the mitochondria and prevents permeability transition pore opening mediated by, among other things, oxidative stress[2].

In Vivo:Daily administration of TRO19622 (3 or 30 mg/kg sc) to adult mice for more than 2 months is well tolerated without toxicity or adverse effects[1]. When animals are treated orally for 5 days following the lesion, TRO19622 increases motor neuron cell body survival in a dose-dependent manner with significant rescue at the highest dose of 100 mg/kg. At this dose, motor neuron survival is 29 ±2% (n=18) corresponding to a 42% increase in survival compared with vehicle-treated animals[3]. Paclitaxel-treated rats that receive prophylactic treatment with 3 mg/kg/d or 30 mg/kg/d TRO19622 (Olesoxime) have 239±17.6 and 247±14.4 IENFs per cm, respectively. For both doses, the decreases are significantly less than the 46% decrease seen in the Paclitaxel-treated rats administered vehicle. However, both doses produce decreases (25% and 22%) that are significantly different relative to the naïve control group[4].

References:
[1]. Martin LJ, et al. Olesoxime, a cholesterol-like neuroprotectant for the potential treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. IDrugs. 2010 Aug;13(8):568-80. [2]. Bordet T, et al. Olesoxime (TRO19622): A Novel Mitochondrial-Targeted Neuroprotective Compound. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2010 Jan 28;3(2):345-368. [3]. Bordet T, et al. Identification and characterization of cholest-4-en-3-one, oxime (TRO19622), a novel drug candidate for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Aug;322(2):709-20. [4]. Xiao WH, et al. Olesoxime (cholest-4-en-3-one, oxime): analgesic and neuroprotective effects in a rat model of painful peripheral neuropathy produced by the chemotherapeutic agent, paclitaxel. Pain. 2009 Dec 15;147(1-3):202-9.

Identification and characterization of cholest-4-en-3-one, oxime (TRO19622), a novel drug candidate for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.[Pubmed:17496168]

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Aug;322(2):709-20.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive death of cortical and spinal motor neurons, for which there is no effective treatment. Using a cell-based assay for compounds capable of preventing motor neuron cell death in vitro, a collection of approximately 40,000 low-molecular-weight compounds was screened to identify potential small-molecule therapeutics. We report the identification of cholest-4-en-3-one, oxime (TRO19622) as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of ALS. In vitro, TRO19622 promoted motor neuron survival in the absence of trophic support in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, TRO19622 rescued motor neurons from axotomy-induced cell death in neonatal rats and promoted nerve regeneration following sciatic nerve crush in mice. In SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice, a model of familial ALS, TRO19622 treatment improved motor performance, delayed the onset of the clinical disease, and extended survival. TRO19622 bound directly to two components of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore: the voltage-dependent anion channel and the translocator protein 18 kDa (or peripheral benzodiazepine receptor), suggesting a potential mechanism for its neuroprotective activity. TRO19622 may have therapeutic potential for ALS and other motor neuron and neurodegenerative diseases.

Olesoxime (TRO 19622) is a mitochondrial-targeted neuroprotective compound with mean EC50 value for increasing cell survival is 3.2±0.2 µM.

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