VX-745

P38α inhibitor,highly potent and selective CAS# 209410-46-8

VX-745

Catalog No. BCC3966----Order now to get a substantial discount!

Product Name & Size Price Stock
VX-745:10mg $99.00 In stock
VX-745:20mg $168.00 In stock
VX-745:50mg $396.00 In stock
VX-745:100mg $693.00 In stock
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Chemical structure

VX-745

3D structure

Chemical Properties of VX-745

Cas No. 209410-46-8 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 3038525 Appearance Powder
Formula C19H9Cl2F2N3OS M.Wt 436.27
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Synonyms Neflamapimod
Solubility DMSO : 13.08 mg/mL (29.98 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Chemical Name 5-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)sulfanylpyrimido[1,6-b]pyridazin-6-one
SMILES C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)Cl)C2=C3C=CC(=NN3C=NC2=O)SC4=C(C=C(C=C4)F)F)Cl
Standard InChIKey VEPKQEUBKLEPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C19H9Cl2F2N3OS/c20-11-2-1-3-12(21)17(11)18-14-5-7-16(25-26(14)9-24-19(18)27)28-15-6-4-10(22)8-13(15)23/h1-9H
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of VX-745

DescriptionHighly potent and selective p38α inhibitor (IC50 = 10 nM). Also blocks TNFα production in LPS-stimulated HWB in vitro (IC50 = 177 nM). Displays 1000-fold selectivity over closely related kinases, including ERK1, MK2 and JNK1-3.

Protocol

Kinase Assay [1]
VX-745 inhibits p38α and p38β. The IC50 for the inhibition of these two p38 homologs are obtained by a spectrophotometric coupled-enzyme assay. A fixed concentration of enzyme (15 nM of p38α or p38β) is incubated with various concentrations of VX-745 in DMSO for 10 min. at 30°C in 0.1 M HEPES buffer, pH 7.5, containing 10% glycerol, 10 mM MgCl2, 2.5 mM phosphoenolpyruvate, 200 μM NADH, 150 μg/mL pyruvate kinase, 50 μg/mL lactate dehydrogenase, and 200 μM EGF receptor peptide. The reaction is initiated with 100 μM and 70 μM ATP for p38α and p38β assays, respectively. The decrease of absorbance at 340 nm is monitored to follow the rate of the reaction. IC50 is evaluated from the rate data as a function of the inhibitor concentration.

Cell Assay [2]
For these experiments, cells are plated at a density of 60,000 cells/well in 96-well plates. Each condition is tested in triplicate or more. The following day, all particle suspensions, active substances or control solutions are freshly prepared, distributed and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. Then, supernatants are carefully discarded. To perform the MTT test, 50 μL of 0.1% MTT solution is added to each well for 3 h. Each well is then incubated for 1 h with 200 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide. Absorbance is measured at 595 nm. Reported results are expressed as the means±SD.

Animal Administration [1]
Type II collagen-induced arthritis is established in male DBA/1 mice with a minor modification. 10-Week old male DBA/1 mice are immunized by two intradermal injections within a 3 week interval using 100 μL of an emulsion consisting of a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of chick type II collagen (200 μg in 10 mM acetic acid) and complete Freund's adjuvant. Following the booster immunization, the mice are left untreated for 2-3 weeks, and are randomized into five treatment groups after they exhibit focal carpal (wrist) swelling (level 2 arthritic severity score) in both front paws. The five treatment groups are: 1: water control, 10 mL/kg, p.o., bid, (n=14); 2: 100% propylene glycol (PG) vehicle control, 10 mL/kg, p.o., bid, (n=8); 3: VX-745 in PG, at 10 mg/kg, p.o., bid, (n=7); 4: VX-745 in PG, at 5 mg/kg, p.o., bid, (n=10); and 5: VX-745 in PG, at 2.5 mg/kg, p.o., bid, (n=11). Arthritic symptoms are scored every other day using a level 1 to level 5 scoring system. Paw inflammation begins with erythema at the wrist (level 1), progressing to focal swelling of the wrist (level 2), to complete swelling of the wrist (level 3), to complete swelling of wrist and palm (level 4), and finally to complete swelling of wrist, palm and fingers (level 5). The sums of the scores from both front paw scores are used for plotting disease progression curves. Mice are sacrificed on day 20 and paws are removed, sectioned sagitally, stained with hemotoxylin & eosin, and scored for inflammation. Histologically, wrist joint inflammation begins with an infiltration of the synovium into the joint space (level 1), progressing to joint cartilage erosion (level 2), to joint cartilage and bone erosion (level 3), and finally to erosion of cartilage and bone accompanied by pannus formation (level 4).

References:
[1]. Duffy JP, et al. The Discovery of VX-745: A Novel and Selective p38α Kinase Inhibitor. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2011 Jul 28;2(10):758-63. [2]. Pradal J, et al. Intra-articular bioactivity of a p38 MAPK inhibitor and development of an extended-release system. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2015 Jun;93:110-7. [3]. Bagley MC, et al. Rapid synthesis of VX-745: p38 MAP kinase inhibition in Werner syndrome cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Sep 15;17(18):5107-10. Epub 2007 Jul 13. [4]. Hideshima T, et al. Targeting p38 MAPK inhibits multiple myeloma cell growth in the bone marrow milieu. Blood, 2003, 101(2), 703-705.

VX-745 Dilution Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of VX-745

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 2.2922 mL 11.4608 mL 22.9216 mL 45.8432 mL 57.304 mL
5 mM 0.4584 mL 2.2922 mL 4.5843 mL 9.1686 mL 11.4608 mL
10 mM 0.2292 mL 1.1461 mL 2.2922 mL 4.5843 mL 5.7304 mL
50 mM 0.0458 mL 0.2292 mL 0.4584 mL 0.9169 mL 1.1461 mL
100 mM 0.0229 mL 0.1146 mL 0.2292 mL 0.4584 mL 0.573 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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Background on VX-745

VX-745 is a first-generation inhibitor of p38αMAPK with IC50 value of 1.0 μM when tested with Werner syndrome dermal fibroblasts [1].

Mammalian mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are serine /threonine kinases and have 4 subfamilies: ERK, JNK, MAPKp38 and ERK5. MAPK pathway plays a pivotal role in transmitting signals from cell membrane to nucleus and also participates in many intracellular signaling pathways that control a wide spectrum of cellular processes (growth, differentiation, stress responses, cancer progression) [2]. MAPKp38 is originally isolated from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes. And according to the distribution in tissue, regulation of kinase activation and subsequent phosphorylation of downstream substrates, it is divided into four isoforms p38alpha, p38beta, p38gamma and p38delta [3].

VX-745 is an exquisite kinase selectively inhibit p38αMAPK and is regarded as an anti-inflammatory candidate. When tested with PBMCs or whole blood, VX-745 treatment could inhibit the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α in vitro [4]. In human dermal fibroblast cells, VX-745 treatment blocked p38 signaling to rescue the aging phenotype in Werner syndrome [5].

References:
[1].  Bagley, M.C., et al., Microwave-assisted Ullmann C-S bond formation: synthesis of the P38alpha MAPK clinical candidate VX-745. J Org Chem, 2009. 74(21): p. 8336-42.
[2].  Dent, P., et al., MAPK pathways in radiation responses. Oncogene, 2003. 22(37): p. 5885-96.
[3].  Dominguez, C., D.A. Powers, and N. Tamayo, p38 MAP kinase inhibitors: many are made, but few are chosen. Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel, 2005. 8(4): p. 421-30.
[4].  Duffy, J.P., et al., The Discovery of VX-745: A Novel and Selective p38alpha Kinase Inhibitor. ACS Med Chem Lett, 2011. 2(10): p. 758-63.
[5].  Bagley, M.C., et al., Gram-scale synthesis of the p38alpha MAPK-inhibitor VX-745 for preclinical studies into Werner syndrome. Future Med Chem, 2010. 2(9): p. 1417-27.

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References on VX-745

The Discovery of VX-745: A Novel and Selective p38alpha Kinase Inhibitor.[Pubmed:24900264]

ACS Med Chem Lett. 2011 Jul 28;2(10):758-63.

The synthesis of novel, selective, orally active 2,5-disubstituted 6H-pyrimido[1,6-b]pyridazin-6-one p38alpha inhibitors is described. Application of structural information from enzyme-ligand complexes guided the selection of screening compounds, leading to the identification of a novel class of p38alpha inhibitors containing a previously unreported bicyclic heterocycle core. Advancing the SAR of this series led to the eventual discovery of 5-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenylthio)-6H-pyrimido[1,6-b]pyridazin-6-o ne (VX-745). VX-745 displays excellent enzyme activity and selectivity, has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and demonstrates good in vivo activity in models of inflammation.

Microwave-assisted Ullmann C-S bond formation: synthesis of the P38alpha MAPK clinical candidate VX-745.[Pubmed:19778055]

J Org Chem. 2009 Nov 6;74(21):8336-42.

Microwave irradiation promotes the rapid and efficient reaction of a thiophenol and aryl or heteroaryl halide using a copper or palladium catalyst and a range of ligands, depending upon substrate. Of particular utility is the use of copper(I) iodide (5 mol %) and trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diol as ligand under basic conditions and microwave irradiation to give the corresponding sulfide in high yield. This method for C-S bond formation is applied in the four-step synthesis of the clinical candidate VX-745 in 38% overall yield. The inhibitory activity of VX-745 against p38alpha MAPK is confirmed in Werner syndrome dermal fibroblasts at 1.0 microM concentration by immunoblot assay.

Rapid synthesis of VX-745: p38 MAP kinase inhibition in Werner syndrome cells.[Pubmed:17659871]

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Sep 15;17(18):5107-10.

The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor VX-745 is prepared rapidly and efficiently in a four-step sequence using a combination of conductive heating and microwave-mediated steps. Its inhibitory activity was confirmed in hTERT immortalized HCA2 and WS dermal fibroblasts at 0.5-1.0 microM concentration by ELISA and immunoblot assay, and displays excellent kinase selectivity over the related stress-activated kinase JNK.

Gram-scale synthesis of the p38alpha MAPK-inhibitor VX-745 for preclinical studies into Werner syndrome.[Pubmed:21426137]

Future Med Chem. 2010 Sep;2(9):1417-27.

BACKGROUND: The ATP-competitive p38alpha MAPK inhibitor VX-745 exhibits an exquisite kinase selectivity profile, is effective in blocking p38 stress signaling in Werner syndrome dermal fibroblasts, has efficacy in clinical trials and may have therapeutic value against Werner syndrome. Previous synthetic routes, however, have only resulted in milligram quantities suitable for cell-based studies, whereas gram quantities would be required for in vivo use. RESULTS & DISCUSSION: Microwave irradiation using a stop-flow monomodal microwave reactor has been found to facilitate scale-up of the synthesis of VX-745. Ullmann-type C-S bond formation using thiophenol, chloropyridazine, copper(I) catalyst and diol ligand proceeds rapidly and efficiently in this apparatus for elaboration to the pyrimido[1,6-b]pyridazinone core of VX-745 on gram scale and with good overall yield. CONCLUSION: This method delivers the p38 inhibitor VX-745 in sufficient quantities for preclinical studies to rescue the aging phenotype in Werner syndrome.

Description

Neflamapimod (VX-745) is a potent, blood-brain barrier penetrant, highly selective inhibitor of p38α inhibitor with an IC50 for p38α of 10 nM and for p38β of 220 nM. Neflamapimod (VX-745) possesses anti-inflammatory activity.

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