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Chloramphenicol

Inhibits translation(blocking peptidyl transferase) CAS# 56-75-7

Chloramphenicol

Catalog No. BCC1201----Order now to get a substantial discount!

Product Name & Size Price Stock
Chloramphenicol:50mg $69.00 In stock
Chloramphenicol:100mg $117.00 In stock
Chloramphenicol:250mg $276.00 In stock
Chloramphenicol:500mg $483.00 In stock
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Quality Control of Chloramphenicol

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Chemical structure

Chloramphenicol

3D structure

Chemical Properties of Chloramphenicol

Cas No. 56-75-7 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 298 Appearance Powder
Formula C11H12Cl2N2O5 M.Wt 323.13
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Solubility DMSO : ≥ 150 mg/mL (464.21 mM)
*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Chemical Name 2,2-dichloro-N-[1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-yl]acetamide
SMILES C1=CC(=CC=C1C(C(CO)NC(=O)C(Cl)Cl)O)[N+](=O)[O-]
Standard InChIKey WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C11H12Cl2N2O5/c12-10(13)11(18)14-8(5-16)9(17)6-1-3-7(4-2-6)15(19)20/h1-4,8-10,16-17H,5H2,(H,14,18)
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of Chloramphenicol

DescriptionChloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Target: Antibacterial Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic drug that stops bacterial growth by inhibiting protein synthesis. Chloramphenicol prevents protein chain elongation by inhibiting the peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome. It specifically binds to A2451 and A2452 residues in the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond formation. While chloramphenicol and the macrolide class of antibiotics both interact with ribosomes, chloramphenicol is not a macrolide. It directly interferes with substrate binding, whereas macrolides sterically block the progression of the growing peptide [1, 2].

References:
[1]. Jardetzky, O., Studies on the mechanism of action of chloramphenicol. I. The conformation of chlioramphenicol in solution. J Biol Chem, 1963. 238: p. 2498-508. [2]. Wolfe, A.D. and F.E. Hahn, Mode of Action of Chloramphenicol. Ix. Effects of Chloramphenicol Upon a Ribosomal Amino Acid Polymerization System and Its Binding to Bacterial Ribosome. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1965. 95: p. 146-55.

Chloramphenicol Dilution Calculator

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Chloramphenicol Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of Chloramphenicol

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 3.0947 mL 15.4736 mL 30.9473 mL 61.8946 mL 77.3682 mL
5 mM 0.6189 mL 3.0947 mL 6.1895 mL 12.3789 mL 15.4736 mL
10 mM 0.3095 mL 1.5474 mL 3.0947 mL 6.1895 mL 7.7368 mL
50 mM 0.0619 mL 0.3095 mL 0.6189 mL 1.2379 mL 1.5474 mL
100 mM 0.0309 mL 0.1547 mL 0.3095 mL 0.6189 mL 0.7737 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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Background on Chloramphenicol

inhibits translation by blocking peptidyl transferase on the 50S ribosomal subunit. At higher concentration can inhibit eukaryotic DNA synthesis working concentration for stringent plasmids is 25µg/ml working concentration for relaxed plasmids is 170µg/ml cell culture, molecular biology store at 4°C

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References on Chloramphenicol

Synergistic effect of haloduracin and chloramphenicol against clinically important Gram-positive bacteria.[Pubmed:28352561]

Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2016 Dec 27;13:37-41.

The emergence of drug-resistant pathogens has triggered the search for more efficient antimicrobial agents and formulations for treatment of infections. In recent years, combination therapy has become one of the effective clinical practices in treating infections. The present study deals with the effect of haloduracin, a lantibiotic bateriocin and Chloramphenicol against clinically important bacteria. The combined use of haloduracin and Chloramphenicol resulted in remarkable synergy against a spectrum of microorganisms including strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis and different groups of Streptococcus. The synergy allowed using these antimicrobial agents at substantially reduced concentrations without compromising their efficiency. Use of lower doses of Chloramphenicol can avoid the severity of its side effects. In addition to minimizing undesirable side effects of some drugs, this approach brings the possibility of using antibiotics that are no longer effective due to drug resistance. Furthermore, the observed synergy between haloduracin and Chloramphenicol opens a new window of using bacteriocins and antibiotics in combination therapy of infections.

Killing of Serratia marcescens biofilms with chloramphenicol.[Pubmed:28356113]

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2017 Mar 29;16(1):19.

Serratia marcescens is a Gram-negative bacterium with proven resistance to multiple antibiotics and causative of catheter-associated infections. Bacterial colonization of catheters mainly involves the formation of biofilm. The objectives of this study were to explore the susceptibility of S. marcescens biofilms to high doses of common antibiotics and non-antimicrobial agents. Biofilms formed by a clinical isolate of S. marcescens were treated with ceftriaxone, kanamycin, gentamicin, and Chloramphenicol at doses corresponding to 10, 100 and 1000 times their planktonic minimum inhibitory concentration. In addition, biofilms were also treated with chemical compounds such as polysorbate-80 and ursolic acid. S. marcescens demonstrated susceptibility to ceftriaxone, kanamycin, gentamicin, and Chloramphenicol in its planktonic form, however, only Chloramphenicol reduced both biofilm biomass and biofilm viability. Polysorbate-80 and ursolic acid had minimal to no effect on either planktonic and biofilm grown S. marcescens. Our results suggest that supratherapeutic doses of Chloramphenicol can be used effectively against established S. marcescens biofilms.

Development of a Double Nuclear Gene-Targeting Method by Two-Step Transformation Based on a Newly Established Chloramphenicol-Selection System in the Red Alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae.[Pubmed:28352279]

Front Plant Sci. 2017 Mar 14;8:343.

The unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae possesses a simple cellular architecture that consists of one mitochondrion, one chloroplast, one peroxisome, one Golgi apparatus, and several lysosomes. The nuclear genome content is also simple, with very little genetic redundancy (16.5 Mbp, 4,775 genes). In addition, molecular genetic tools such as gene targeting and inducible gene expression systems have been recently developed. These cytological features and genetic tractability have facilitated various omics analyses. However, only a single transformation selection marker URA has been made available and thus the application of genetic modification has been limited. Here, we report the development of a nuclear targeting method by using Chloramphenicol and the Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. In addition, we found that at least 200-bp homologous arms are required and 500-bp arms are sufficient for a targeted single-copy insertion of the CAT selection marker into the nuclear genome. By means of a combination of the URA and CAT transformation systems, we succeeded in producing a C. merolae strain that expresses HA-cyclin 1 and FLAG-CDKA from the chromosomal CYC1 and CDKA loci, respectively. These methods of multiple nuclear targeting will facilitate genetic manipulation of C. merolae.

Determination of Aflatoxin M1 and Chloramphenicol in Milk Based on Background Fluorescence Quenching Immunochromatographic Assay.[Pubmed:28367449]

Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:8649314.

Harsh demanding has been exposed on the concentration of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and Chloramphenicol (CAP) in milk. In this study, we developed a new method based on background fluorescence quenching immunochromatographic assay (bFQICA) to detect AFM1 and CAP in milk. The detection limit for AFM1 was 0.0009 ng/mL, while that for the CAP was 0.0008 ng/mL. The assay variability was determined with 3 AFM1 standards (i.e., 0.25 ng/mL, 0.5 ng/mL, and 1.0 ng/mL), and the actual detection value was 0.2497, 0.5329, and 1.0941, respectively. For the assay variability of 3 CAP standards (i.e., 0.10 ng/mL, 0.30 ng/mL, and 0.50 ng/mL), the actual detection value was 0.0996, 0.3096, and 0.4905, respectively. The recovery rate of AFM1 was 99.7%-101.7%, while that for CAP was 95.3%-97.6%. For the test stability, AFM1 and CAP showed satisfactory test stability even at month 5. Compared with the sensitivity of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method, no statistical difference was noticed in results of the bFQICA. Our method is convenient for the detection of AFM1 and CAP in milk with a test duration of about 8 minutes. Additionally, an internal WiFi facility is provided in the system allowing for quick connection and storage in the intelligent cell phone.

Description

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic against bacterial infections.

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