Lacidipine

Lacidipine (Lacipil, Motens) is a L-type calcium channel blocker.Lacidipine, a novel third-generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, has been demonstrated effective for hypertension. lacidipine protects HKCs against apoptosis induced by ATP depl

Preparation and in vitro/in vivo Evaluation of Lacidipine by Adsorption onto Fumed Silica Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide.[Pubmed:26634790]

Curr Drug Deliv. 2016;13(7):1053-1064.

The aim of this study was to design a silica-supported solid dispersion of Lacidipine (LCDP) to enhance the dissolution rate and oral absorption using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) as a solvent. The formulation was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. In the dissolution test, LCDP-scCO2 formulation showed a significantly enhanced dissolution compared with LCDPsilica physical mixture and a faster dissolution rate than Lacipil(R) under different dissolution conditions. In an in vivo test, the area under concentration-time curve and Cmax of LCDP-scCO2 formulation was 9.23 and 23.78 fold greater than LCDP-silica physical mixture (1:15, w/w), respectively, whereas the corresponding values were 1.92 and 2.80 fold greater than Lacipil(R), respectively. Our results showed that the solid dispersion prepared by supercritical fluids technology is a feasible method to enhance the oral bioavailability of LCDP.

Enhanced Solubility and Dissolution Rate of Lacidipine Nanosuspension: Formulation Via Antisolvent Sonoprecipitation Technique and Optimization Using Box-Behnken Design.[Pubmed:27506564]

AAPS PharmSciTech. 2017 May;18(4):983-996.

Lacidipine (LCDP) is a highly lipophilic calcium channel blocker of poor aqueous solubility leading to poor oral absorption. This study aims to prepare and optimize LCDP nanosuspensions using antisolvent sonoprecipitation technique to enhance the solubility and dissolution of LCDP. A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the formulation variables to obtain LCDP nanosuspension of small and uniform particle size. Formulation variables were as follows: stabilizer to drug ratio (A), sodium deoxycholate percentage (B), and sonication time (C). LCDP nanosuspensions were assessed for particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index. The formula with the highest desirability (0.969) was chosen as the optimized formula. The values of the formulation variables (A, B, and C) in the optimized nanosuspension were 1.5, 100%, and 8 min, respectively. Optimal LCDP nanosuspension had particle size (PS) of 273.21 nm, zeta potential (ZP) of -32.68 mV and polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.098. LCDP nanosuspension was characterized using x-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. LCDP nanosuspension showed saturation solubility 70 times that of raw LCDP in addition to significantly enhanced dissolution rate due to particle size reduction and decreased crystallinity. These results suggest that the optimized LCDP nanosuspension could be promising to improve oral absorption of LCDP.

Solvent-shift strategy to identify suitable polymers to inhibit humidity-induced solid-state crystallization of lacidipine amorphous solid dispersions.[Pubmed:26869398]

Int J Pharm. 2016 Apr 30;503(1-2):238-46.

The solvent-shift strategy was used to identify appropriate polymers that inhibit humidity-induced solid-state crystallization of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Lacidipine with the polymers, PVP-K30, HPMC-E5 or Soluplus, were combined to form amorphous solid dispersions prepared by solvent evaporation. The formulations were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and were subjected to in vitro dissolution testing. The moisture had a significant impact on the amount dissolved for the solid dispersions. Molecular docking studies established that hydrogen bonding was critical for the stabilization of the solid dispersions. The rank order of the binding energy of the drug-polymer association was Soluplus (-6.21 kcal/mol)>HPMC-E5 (-3.21 kcal/mol)>PVP-K30 (-2.31 kcal/mol). PVP-K30 had the highest water uptake among the polymers, as did ASD system of Lacidipine-PVP-K30 ASDs. In the Soluplus ASDs, with its strong drug-polymer interactions and low water uptake, moisture-induced solid-state crystallization was not observed.

Novel non-ionic surfactant proniosomes for transdermal delivery of lacidipine: optimization using 2(3) factorial design and in vivo evaluation in rabbits.[Pubmed:26758033]

Drug Deliv. 2016 Jun;23(5):1608-22.

CONTEXT: Proniosomes offer a versatile vesicle drug delivery concept with potential for delivery of drugs via transdermal route. OBJECTIVES: To develop proniosomal gel using cremophor RH 40 as non-ionic surfactant containing the antihypertensive drug Lacidipine for transdermal delivery so as to avoid its extensive first pass metabolism and to improve its permeation through the skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Proniosomes containing 1% Lacidipine were prepared by the coacervation phase separation method, characterized, and optimized using a 2(3) full factorial design to define the optimum conditions to produce proniosomes with high entrapment efficiency, minimal vesicle size, and high-percentage release efficiency. The amount of cholesterol (X1), the amount of soya lecithin (X2), and the amount of cremophor RH 40 (X3) were selected as three independent variables. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The system F4 was found to fulfill the maximum requisite of an optimum system because it had minimum vesicle size, maximum EE, maximum release efficiency, and maximum desirability. The optimized system (F4) was then converted to proniosomal gel using carbopol 940 (1% w/w). In vitro permeation through excised rabbit skin study revealed higher flux (6.48 +/- 0.45) for Lacidipine from the optimized proniosomal gel when compared with the corresponding emulgel (3.04 +/- 0.13) mg/cm(2)/h. The optimized formulation was evaluated for its bioavailability compared with commercial product. Statistical analysis revealed significant increase in AUC (0 - alpha) 464.17 +/- 113.15 ng h/ml compared with 209.02 +/- 47.35 ng h/ml for commercial tablet. Skin irritancy and histopathological investigation of rat skin revealed its safety. CONCLUSIONS: Cremophor RH 40 proniosomal gel could be considered as very promising nanocarriers for transdermal delivery of Lacidipine.