Gentamycin Sulfateaminoglycoside antibiotic CAS# 1405-41-0 |
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Quality Control & MSDS
Number of papers citing our products
Chemical structure
3D structure
| Cas No. | 1405-41-0 | SDF | Download SDF |
| PubChem ID | 44134731 | Appearance | Powder |
| Formula | C21H45N5O11S | M.Wt | 575.7 |
| Type of Compound | N/A | Storage | Desiccate at -20°C |
| Synonyms | Gentamicin sulfate | ||
| Solubility | H2O : ≥ 30 mg/mL *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown. | ||
| Chemical Name | 2-[4,6-diamino-3-[3-amino-6-(1-aminoethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy-5-methyl-4-(methylamino)oxane-3,5-diol;2-[4,6-diamino-3-[3-amino-6-(aminomethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy-5-methyl-4-(methylamino)oxane-3,5-diol;2-[4,6-diamino-3-[3-amino-6-[1-(methylamino)ethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy-5-methyl-4-(methylamino)oxane-3,5-diol;sulfuric acid | ||
| SMILES | CC(C1CCC(C(O1)OC2C(CC(C(C2O)OC3C(C(C(CO3)(C)O)NC)O)N)N)N)N.CC(C1CCC(C(O1)OC2C(CC(C(C2O)OC3C(C(C(CO3)(C)O)NC)O)N)N)N)NC.CC1(COC(C(C1NC)O)OC2C(CC(C(C2O)OC3C(CCC(O3)CN)N)N)N)O.OS(=O)(=O)O | ||
| Standard InChIKey | RDEIXVOBVLKYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N | ||
| Standard InChI | InChI=1S/C21H43N5O7.C20H41N5O7.C19H39N5O7.H2O4S/c1-9(25-3)13-6-5-10(22)19(31-13)32-16-11(23)7-12(24)17(14(16)27)33-20-15(28)18(26-4)21(2,29)8-30-20;1-8(21)12-5-4-9(22)18(30-12)31-15-10(23)6-11(24)16(13(15)26)32-19-14(27)17(25-3)20(2,28)7-29-19;1-19(27)7-28-18(13(26)16(19)24-2)31-15-11(23)5-10(22)14(12(15)25)30-17-9(21)4-3-8(6-20)29-17;1-5(2,3)4/h9-20,25-29H,5-8,22-24H2,1-4H3;8-19,25-28H,4-7,21-24H2,1-3H3;8-18,24-27H,3-7,20-23H2,1-2H3;(H2,1,2,3,4) | ||
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months. Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it. |
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| About Packaging | 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. 2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial. 3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment. |
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| Shipping Condition | Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request. | ||
| Description | Aminoglycoside antibiotic. Irreversibly binds bacterial ribosomes and disrupts protein synthesis. Active against gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Stable over wide range of temperatures. |
Gentamycin Sulfate Dilution Calculator
Gentamycin Sulfate Molarity Calculator
| 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 20 mg | 25 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.737 mL | 8.6851 mL | 17.3702 mL | 34.7403 mL | 43.4254 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3474 mL | 1.737 mL | 3.474 mL | 6.9481 mL | 8.6851 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1737 mL | 0.8685 mL | 1.737 mL | 3.474 mL | 4.3425 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0347 mL | 0.1737 mL | 0.3474 mL | 0.6948 mL | 0.8685 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0174 mL | 0.0869 mL | 0.1737 mL | 0.3474 mL | 0.4343 mL |
| * Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations. | |||||
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Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, always used the sulfate form, composed of a mixture of related gentamicin components and fractions ,which is used to treat many types of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative organisms.[1]
Gentamicin is a bactericidal antibiotic that works by irreversibly binding the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome and 16S rRNA, interrupting protein synthesis. This mechanism of action is similar to other aminoglycosides.The ribosome is a large and complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. [2] Ribosomes consist of two major components, the small ribosomal subunit which reads the RNA, and the large subunit which joins amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. Each subunit is composed of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variety of proteins. Ribosomes differ in their size, sequence, structure, and the ratio of protein to RNA from bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes (the three domains of life on Earth).[3] The differences in structure allow some antibiotics to kill bacteria by inhibiting their ribosomes, while leaving human ribosomes unaffected. Gentamicin binds to four nucleotides of 16S rRNA and a single amino acid of protein S12 which interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. The interaction with the wobble base in the anticodon of tRNA leads to interference with the initiation complex misreading, so incorrect amino acids are inserted into the polypeptide leading to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes.[4]
Gentamicin is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic. Aminoglycosides are useful primarily in infection diease include aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, In addition, some mycobacteria, including the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, are susceptible to aminoglycosides. Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria can also be treated with aminoglycosides, but other types of antibiotics are more potent and less damaging to the host. Symptoms of gentamicin toxicity include: Balance difficulty, Bouncing, unsteady vision, Ringing in the ears (tinnitus), Difficulty multi-tasking, particularly when standing.[5] Gentamicin is very poorly absorbed orally. Injections lead to peak serum concentrations in 30-60 minutes.
References:
1. Moulds, Robert and Jeyasingham, Melanie "Gentamicin: a great way to start". Australian Prescriber 2010 (33): 134–135.
2. Czernilofsky. et al. "PROTEINS AT TRANSFER-RNA BINDING-SITES OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI RIBOSOMES". NATL ACAD SCIENCES. 1974, 71 (1): 230–234.
3. Ben-Shem A. et al. "The structure of the eukaryotic ribosome at 3.0 Å resolution". 2011 Science 334 (6062): 1524–1529.
4. Lopez-Novoa, Jose. "New insights into the mechanism of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity: an integrative point of view." 2011. Kidney International.
5. Pandya, A. et al. (1993)."Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss and Deafness, Mitochondrial". Book.
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[Prolonged-action gentamycin sulfate eyedrops].[Pubmed:7212685]
Antibiotiki. 1981 Jan;26(1):60-4.
A new dosage form of gentamicin, 0.3 per cent eye drops with polyglucin was developed. Its pharmacokinetics and chemotherapeutic properties were studied. It was shown that in the form of eye drops gentamicin has a prolonged action, provides high levels of penetration into the eye tissues and is effective in the treatment of eye infections.
Limitation of the antibiotic-eluting bone graft substitute: An example of gentamycin-impregnated calcium sulfate.[Pubmed:27860210]
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2018 Jan;106(1):80-87.
Patients with inadequate volume of alveolar processes or bone defects commonly require graft substitutes in oral, maxillofacial or orthopedic surgery. Ridge augmentation and reconstruction of facial bony defects with bone graft materials achieve better outcomes in functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. The injectable calcium sulfate filler is used widely in intra-operative applications. Calcium sulfate bone filler has been shown to upregulate bone formation-related mRNA genes in vitro and improve osseointegration in vivo. In addition, the bone graft substitute can be used as a drug delivery system for antibiotics to treat or prevent infections based on the clinical experiences. However, the influences of antibiotics addition on the calcium sulfate are not fully understood. In this study, calcium sulfate impregnated with gentamycin in different weight ratios was characterized. The results showed that gentamycin prolonged the hydration process and extended initial/final setting times of calcium sulfate. The addition of gentamycin slowed the conversion from calcium sulfate hemihydrate to dihydrate and changed the crystalline phase and microstructure. Higher amounts of gentamycin added resulted in faster degradation and lower mechanical strength of calcium sulfate. This study reveals that the extended setting time, decreased compressive strength, and the accelerated degradation of the gentamycin-impregnated calcium sulfate bone graft substitutes should be considered during intra-operative applications. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 80-87, 2018.
[Gentamycin sulfate in the therapy of acute and chronic pneumonias].[Pubmed:6987950]
Antibiotiki. 1980 Mar;25(3):218-22.
Clinical efficacy of gentamicin in treatment of acute and chronic pneumonia was shown. The wide antibacterial spectrum of the antibiotic provided its use in therapy of mixed bacterial infections. Satisfactory results were observed in 47 (93.7 per cent) out of 51 patients. The adverse reactions, such as proteinuria, hematuria, and polymorphous eruption were recorded in 5 patients and vanished after discontinuation of the drug. On the basis of the experience acquired the drug may be recommended for use in pulmonology.
