AAL Toxin TD2

CAS# 176590-36-6

AAL Toxin TD2

Catalog No. BCN1740----Order now to get a substantial discount!

Product Name & Size Price Stock
AAL Toxin TD2:5mg Please Inquire In Stock
AAL Toxin TD2:10mg Please Inquire In Stock
AAL Toxin TD2:20mg Please Inquire In Stock
AAL Toxin TD2:50mg Please Inquire In Stock

Quality Control of AAL Toxin TD2

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Chemical structure

AAL Toxin TD2

3D structure

Chemical Properties of AAL Toxin TD2

Cas No. 176590-36-6 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 102004517 Appearance Powder
Formula C27H49NO10 M.Wt 547.69
Type of Compound Alkaloids Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Solubility Soluble in Chloroform,Dichloromethane,Ethyl Acetate,DMSO,Acetone,etc.
Chemical Name 2-[2-[(3R,4R,5S,7S,14R,16S)-17-acetamido-5,14,16-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethylheptadecan-4-yl]oxy-2-oxoethyl]butanedioic acid
SMILES CCC(C)C(C(CC(C)CCCCCCC(CC(CNC(=O)C)O)O)O)OC(=O)CC(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
Standard InChIKey SHYASWXLCRZPLI-LAEADJPZSA-N
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Source of AAL Toxin TD2

The Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici

Biological Activity of AAL Toxin TD2

Description1. AAL-toxin has a wide range of phytotoxicity, it has potential as a natural herbicide because several important weeds including jimsonweed, black nightshade, prickly sida and hemp sesbania are quite sensitive, while some crops such as cotton and maize are not affected.
TargetsAntifection

AAL Toxin TD2 Dilution Calculator

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AAL Toxin TD2 Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of AAL Toxin TD2

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 1.8259 mL 9.1293 mL 18.2585 mL 36.517 mL 45.6463 mL
5 mM 0.3652 mL 1.8259 mL 3.6517 mL 7.3034 mL 9.1293 mL
10 mM 0.1826 mL 0.9129 mL 1.8259 mL 3.6517 mL 4.5646 mL
50 mM 0.0365 mL 0.1826 mL 0.3652 mL 0.7303 mL 0.9129 mL
100 mM 0.0183 mL 0.0913 mL 0.1826 mL 0.3652 mL 0.4565 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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References on AAL Toxin TD2

Ethylene signaling pathway and MAPK cascades are required for AAL toxin-induced programmed cell death.[Pubmed:22512379]

Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2012 Aug;25(8):1015-25.

Programmed cell death (PCD), known as hypersensitive response cell death, has an important role in plant defense response. The signaling pathway of PCD remains unknown. We employed AAL toxin(eg. AAL Toxin TD2) and Nicotiana umbratica to analysis plant PCD. AAL toxin is a pathogenicity factor of the necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici. N. umbratica is sensitive to AAL toxin(eg. AAL Toxin TD2), susceptible to pathogens, and effective in Tobacco rattle virus-based virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). VIGS analyses indicated that AAL toxin-triggered cell death (ACD) is dependent upon the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase MEK2, which is upstream of both salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (SIPK) and wound-induced protein kinase (WIPK) responsible for ethylene (ET) synthesis. ET treatment of MEK2-silenced N. umbratica re-established ACD. In SIPK- and WIPK-silenced N. umbratica, ACD was compromised and ET accumulation was not observed. However, in contrast to the case of MEK2-silenced plants, ET treatment did not induce cell death in SIPK- and WIPK-silenced plants. This work showed that ET-dependent pathway and MAP kinase cascades are required in ACD. Our results suggested that MEK2-SIPK/WIPK cascades have roles in ET biosynthesis; however, SIPK and WIPK have other roles in ET signaling or another pathway leading to cell death by AAL toxin(eg. AAL Toxin TD2).

Product ion filtering with rapid polarity switching for the detection of all fumonisins and AAL-toxins.[Pubmed:26467225]

Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2015 Nov 30;29(22):2131-9.

Fumonisins and AAL-toxins are structurally similar mycotoxins that contaminate agricultural crops and foodstuffs. Traditional analytical screening methods are designed to target the known compounds for which standards are available but there is clear evidence that many other derivatives exist and could be toxic. A fast, semi-targeted method for the detection of all known fumonisins, AAL-toxins(eg. AAL Toxin TD2) and related emerging toxins is required. METHODS: Strains of Fusarium verticillioides, Alternaria arborescens and Aspergillus welwitschiae were grown on their associated crops (maize, tomatoes, and grapes, respectively). Extracts were first analyzed in negative mode using product ion filtering to detect the tricarballylic ester product ion that is common to fumonisins and AAL-toxins (m/z 157.0142). During the same liquid chromatography (LC) run, rapid polarity switching was then used to collect positive mode tandem mass spectrometric (MS(2) ) data for characterization of the detected compounds. RESULTS: Fumonisin B1 , B2 , B3 and B4 were detected on Fusarium contaminated maize, AAL-toxins TA, TB, TD(include AAL Toxin TD1 and AAL Toxin TD2), TE were detected on Alternaria inoculated tomatoes and fumonisin B2 , B4 and B6 on Aspergillus contaminated grapes. Additionally, over 100 structurally related compounds possessing a tricarballylic ester were detected from the mould inoculated plant material. These included a hydroxyl-FB1 from F. verticillioides inoculated maize, keto derivatives of AAL-toxins from A. arborescens inoculated tomatoes, and two previously unreported classes of non-aminated fumonisins from Asp. welwitschiae contaminated grapes. CONCLUSIONS: A semi-targeted method for the detection of all fumonisins and AAL-toxins in foodstuffs was developed. The use of the distinctive tricarballylic ester product anion for detection combined with rapid polarity switching and positive mode MS(2) is an effective strategy for differentiating between known isomers such as FB1 and FB6 . This analytical tool is also effective for the identification of new compounds as evident from the discoveries of the previously unreported hydroxyl-FB1 , keto-AAL-toxins, and the two new families of non-aminated fumonisins.

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