AZD7545PDHK inhibitor,potent and selective CAS# 252017-04-2 |
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Quality Control & MSDS
Number of papers citing our products
Chemical structure
3D structure
| Cas No. | 252017-04-2 | SDF | Download SDF |
| PubChem ID | 16741245 | Appearance | Powder |
| Formula | C19H18ClF3N2O5S | M.Wt | 478.87 |
| Type of Compound | N/A | Storage | Desiccate at -20°C |
| Solubility | DMSO : ≥ 46 mg/mL (96.06 mM) *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown. | ||
| Chemical Name | 4-[3-chloro-4-[[(2R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl]amino]phenyl]sulfonyl-N,N-dimethylbenzamide | ||
| SMILES | CC(C(=O)NC1=C(C=C(C=C1)S(=O)(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)C(=O)N(C)C)Cl)(C(F)(F)F)O | ||
| Standard InChIKey | DTDZLJHKVNTQGZ-GOSISDBHSA-N | ||
| Standard InChI | InChI=1S/C19H18ClF3N2O5S/c1-18(28,19(21,22)23)17(27)24-15-9-8-13(10-14(15)20)31(29,30)12-6-4-11(5-7-12)16(26)25(2)3/h4-10,28H,1-3H3,(H,24,27)/t18-/m1/s1 | ||
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months. Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it. |
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| About Packaging | 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. 2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial. 3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment. |
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| Shipping Condition | Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request. | ||
| Description | AZD7545 is a potent inhibitor of PDHK with IC50 values of 36.8 nM and 6.4 nM for PDHK1 and PDHK2, respectively. | |||||
| Targets | PDHK2 | PDHK1 | ||||
| IC50 | 6.4 nM | 36.8 nM | ||||
AZD7545 Dilution Calculator
AZD7545 Molarity Calculator
| 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 20 mg | 25 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0882 mL | 10.4412 mL | 20.8825 mL | 41.765 mL | 52.2062 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4176 mL | 2.0882 mL | 4.1765 mL | 8.353 mL | 10.4412 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2088 mL | 1.0441 mL | 2.0882 mL | 4.1765 mL | 5.2206 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0418 mL | 0.2088 mL | 0.4176 mL | 0.8353 mL | 1.0441 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0209 mL | 0.1044 mL | 0.2088 mL | 0.4176 mL | 0.5221 mL |
| * Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations. | |||||
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AZD7545 is a selective inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2) with IC50 value of 6.4nM [1].
PDH catalyzes the decarboxylation of pyruvate, converting it to acetyl-CoA. This enzyme is regulated by PDH kinases. The inhibitor of PDHK is developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. AZD7545 is a selective inhibitor of PDHK2. It inhibits PDHK1 and PDHK2 with IC50 values of 36.8nM and 6.4nM, respectively. Besides that, AZD7545 increases PDH activity with EC50 value of 5.2nM when using recombinant human PDHK2. In vivo studies show that administration of AZD7545 significantly activates PDH activity in liver and partially activates PDH activity in skeletal muscle and heart. In Zucker (fa/fa) rats, AZD7545 at dose of 10 mg/kg increases muscle PDH from 61% to 97% active and liver PDH from 33.5% to 72.8% [1, 2].
References:
[1] Morrell J A, Orme J, Butlin R J, et al. AZD7545 is a selective inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2. Biochemical society transactions, 2003, 31(6): 1168-1170.
[2] Mayers R M, Butlin R J, Kilgour E, et al. AZD7545, a novel inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2), activates pyruvate dehydrogenase in vivo and improves blood glucose control in obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats. Biochemical Society Transactions, 2003, 31(6): 1165-1167.
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AZD7545 is a selective inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2.[Pubmed:14641019]
Biochem Soc Trans. 2003 Dec;31(Pt 6):1168-70.
The PDH (pyruvate dehydrogenase) multi-enzyme complex catalyses a key regulatory step in oxidative glycolysis. Phosphorylation of the E1 subunit of the complex on serine residues results in the inactivation of enzyme activity. A family of four dedicated PDH kinase isoenzymes exists, each of which displays a distinct tissue-specific expression profile. AZD7545 is one of a series of PDH kinase inhibitors developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The isoenzyme-selectivity profile of AZD7545 and related compounds is described and the consequences for their in vivo mode of action are discussed.
AZD7545, a novel inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2), activates pyruvate dehydrogenase in vivo and improves blood glucose control in obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats.[Pubmed:14641018]
Biochem Soc Trans. 2003 Dec;31(Pt 6):1165-7.
PDH (pyruvate dehydrogenase) is a key enzyme controlling the rate of glucose oxidation, and the availability of gluconeogenic precursors. Activation of PDH in skeletal muscle and liver may increase glucose uptake and reduce glucose production. This study describes the properties of AZD7545, a novel, small-molecule inhibitor of PDHK (PDH kinase). In the presence of PDHK2, AZD7545 increased PDH activity with an EC(50) value of 5.2 nM. In rat hepatocytes, the rate of pyruvate oxidation was stimulated 2-fold (EC(50) 105 nM). A single dose of AZD7545 to Wistar rats increased the proportion of liver PDH in its active, dephosphorylated form in a dose-related manner from 24.7 to 70.3% at 30 mg/kg; and in skeletal muscle from 21.1 to 53.3%. A single dose of 10 mg/kg also significantly elevated muscle PDH activity in obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats. Obese, insulin-resistant, Zucker rats show elevated postprandial glucose levels compared with their lean counterparts (8.7 versus 6.1 mM at 12 weeks old). AZD7545 (10 mg/kg) twice daily for 7 days markedly improved the 24-h glucose profile, by eliminating the postprandial elevation in blood glucose. These results suggest that PDHK inhibitors may be beneficial agents for improving glucose control in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Distinct structural mechanisms for inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoforms by AZD7545, dichloroacetate, and radicicol.[Pubmed:17683942]
Structure. 2007 Aug;15(8):992-1004.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms are molecular switches that downregulate the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) by reversible phosphorylation in mitochondria. We have determined structures of human PDK1 or PDK3 bound to the inhibitors AZD7545, dichloroacetate (DCA), and radicicol. We show that the trifluoromethylpropanamide end of AZD7545 projects into the lipoyl-binding pocket of PDK1. This interaction results in inhibition of PDK1 and PDK3 activities by aborting kinase binding to the PDC scaffold. Paradoxically, AZD7545 at saturating concentrations robustly increases scaffold-free PDK3 activity, similar to the inner lipoyl domain. Good DCA density is present in the helix bundle in the N-terminal domain of PDK1. Bound DCA promotes local conformational changes that are communicated to both nucleotide-binding and lipoyl-binding pockets of PDK1, leading to the inactivation of kinase activity. Finally, radicicol inhibits kinase activity by binding directly to the ATP-binding pocket of PDK3, similar to Hsp90 and Topo VI from the same ATPase/kinase superfamily.
Recognition of the inner lipoyl-bearing domain of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase and of the blood glucose-lowering compound AZD7545 by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2.[Pubmed:17602666]
Biochemistry. 2007 Jul 24;46(29):8592-602.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2) is a unique mitochondrial protein kinase that regulates the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex (PDC). PDHK2 is an integral component of PDC tightly bound to the inner lipoyl-bearing domains (L2) of the dihydrolipoyl transacetylase component (E2) of PDC. This association has been reported to bring about an up to 10-fold increase in kinase activity. Despite the central role played by E2 in the maintenance of PDHK2 functionality in the PDC-bound state, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the recognition of L2 by PDHK2 and for the E2-dependent PDHK2 activation are largely unknown. In this study, we used a combination of molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis to identify the amino acid residues essential for the interaction between PDHK2 and L2 and for the activation of PDHK2 by E2. On the basis of the results of site-directed mutagenesis, it appears that a number of PDHK2 residues located in its R domain (P22, L23, F28, F31, F44, L45, and L160) and in the so-called "cross arm" structure (K368, R372, and K391) are critical in determining the strength of the interaction between PDHK2 and L2. The residues of L2 essential for recognition by PDHK2 include L140, K173, I176, E179, and to a lesser extent D164, D172, and A174. Importantly, certain PDHK2 residues forming interfaces with L2, i.e., K17, P22, F31, F44, R372, and K391, are also critical for the maintenance of enhanced PDHK2 activity in the E2-bound state. Finally, evidence that the blood glucose-lowering compound AZD7545 disrupts the interactions between PDHK2 and L2 and thereby inhibits PDHK2 activity is presented.
